Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum
Ekmeklik buğday
Annual. Stems solitary or tufted, 35-140 cm, thin-walled and hollow, rarely partly filled with pith, smooth, glabrous throughout or nodes glabrescent. Leaf sheaths glabrous or puberulent. Ligule c. 1 mm. Leaf blades linear-acuminate, 6-15 mm broad, scabridulous, green or ± glaucous, glabrous or glabrescent, margins smooth. Spikes lax to dense, 5-10 ern, ±square in cross-section. Rachis tough, glabrous or ciliate, upper internodes 4-8 mm. Spikelets 3-6-flowered. Glumes 6-10 mm , coriaceous, glabrous, pubescent or villous, yellow to blackish-purple; keel crested at apex or in upper half only, scabridulous, terminating in 2-3 mm acute tooth or 4-10 mm scabrid awn. Fertile lemma 12-15 mm,unawned or with6-12 cm scabrid awn. Caryopsis ellipsoid, pale coloured or reddish. Endosperm mealy to flinty. 2n =42. Fl. 4-5. Volcanic rock, hillslopes, chalky steppe, dry plains, by roadsides, growing with Aegilops speltoides, A. umbellulata, A. triuncialis, Triticum turgidum, Secale montanum and S. cereale, or cultivated in solid stands, 10-2500 m.
T. aestivum, the bread wheat, is the most widespread wheat in cultivation today.
